The Fractional Reserve Banking Fraud

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Fractional reserve banking and the fraud that came with it is at the core of the present-day financial system. In order to grasp an understanding of the ongoing dilemma, and why Federal Reserve Banks are at fault, it is essential to understand the concept of Fractional Reserve Banking and why it is more than just counterfeiting.

Contrary to what is believed, the American dollars in your bank account are not the same dollars in the form of cash (Federal Reserve Notes) in your wallet. The dollars in the banks are make believe paper dollars, or numbers on a computer created by the bank an obligation or promissory note to pay you a certain dollars in Federal Reserve Notes. Simply stated, the bank backs the dollars in your bank account while the Federal Reserve backs the Federal Reserve Notes.

Throughout time, gold was the only existing currency. Purchasing your daily loaf of bread with pure gold did not seem practical and for that reason, goldsmiths served as early bankers. Goldsmiths would issue certificates that were backed by gold and this allowed people to purchase things with paper money. This paper money was represented by pure physical gold bullion and was stored in the goldsmiths vaults.

Producing certificates to look after gold meant that a significant amount of cash (gold) was just sitting around in storage. So the goldsmiths decided to start a fraud. When this happened, they became the bankers we know today.

Creating this fraud was really simple. Given that people did not know how much gold was actually stored, it was easy for goldsmiths to issue out more certificates than the gold being stored. By doing this, they attempted to earn more interest than would have been possible if they would have limited themselves to loan based on the gold stored. These goldsmiths relied on the assumption that not all of the certificates would be cashed in at the same time and therefore nobody would find out.

This is a critical explanation of the fraud that is fractional reserve banking. In the time of goldsmiths, it was easy to distinguish between right and wrong. The promissory notes were backed by the gold in the vaults. The moment the goldsmiths decided to issue notes that were backed by nothing (aside from the supposition that they would have enough gold inventory to pay, assuming not everyone demanded their physical gold at the same time)thus the process of fraud began.

How is it possible that bankers were allowed to get away with something like this? How could no one say anything about the false creation of gold?

Enter the government. Corruption can stem from power, and absolute power corrupts absolutely. So indeed, the government knew the trick of the goldsmiths scam. However, the worlds ruling classes knew it was not convenient to stop it. Instead, they saw it advantageous to perpetuate the scam. Why? Because by taxing and regulating the issue of money, they could keep a system in place where both could profit. This inevitably led to what we know as Fractional Reserve Banking.

If you move forward in time 500 yearsthe US Dollar is the worlds reserve currency and serving like the worlds goldsmith. Privately owned by several mysterious group banks, the Federal Reserve System illustrates the jaded relationship banks and governments have developed in the last 500 years. For some reason, world economies fall in the same trap of the same scam.

The interest rate banks operate under and lend are controlled by the Federal Reserve. In addition, the Federal Reserve controls the fractional reserve ratios banks are required to maintain (as a percentage of their reserves held in Federal Reserve Notes). What does this mean? The money supply and the new money being created are controlled by privately owned company comprised of banks allowed to counterfeit money. There is also the interest charge on those dollars created out of thin air!

For those reasons, I have a nickname for Fractional Reserve Banking: I refer to them as Fictional Reserve Banking. How long will you allow yourself to be fooled by this fraud? Will you take the steps necessary to protect yourself and stay ahead of the crowd?

Here are some suggestions for further reading: It is essential to understand the Fractional Reserve Banking in order to find or create positive banking solutions for your family and future. Solutions like these are the ones author Peter Macfarlane writes about in his blog on offshore banking. Peter also writes several articles on the topic of Wealth Creation for The Q Wealth Report which is a leading quarterly journal dedicated to financial privacy and individual liberty, as well as offshore asset protection. He is also a well-known authority and speaker at offshore living events.

Banking Backlogs and Inconsistencies Plague the Mortgage System

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As a REALTOR in Williamsburg, VA, I have seen many of inconsistencies with mortgage companies during a down market. Frankly, this frustrates buyers and sellers, me, my staff and colleagues.

I have mortgage company incompetencies, slowdowns and backlogs to share. I have collected some stories from other agents in my RE/Max Capital office in Williamsburg, too. These snafus in the mortgage approval system impact buyers and sellers in a negative way.

Short Sales Frustrations
It is common for a seller to short sale a property, and to have the lender(s) make the seller wait six months for approval and then deny it! More often than not this crucial decision leaves the seller in financial ruins. The sale of the home is never closed, and the property now exists as bank inventory and may not even hit the real estate market for a year or two. Wasting time on short sales leaves homebuyers and home sellers hung-up in financial limbo, and real estate agents without a closed deal. This cannot be good for the economy.

FHA Owned Properties: HomeSteps and HomePath

The FHA is a government agency, backed by tax dollars. If a buyer happens to put an offer on an FHA owned property, they have to use the recommended program. The federal government, in its infinite wisdom, has instituted the HomeSteps program through Freddie Mac and HomePath through Fannie Mae as public loan programs for the home buyer to help assist in the process of closing deals on FHA owned properties. Private lenders work through the program while adhering to government guidelines.

Though the HomePath and HomeStep Programs are enticing for what they offer, the process is slow and unwieldy. Some real estate agents have found the formula applied to each loan approval is not always the same. One agent in my office had a buyer turned down because HomePath indicated they did not have enough income. When the agent confronted the loan officer, she wanted to know why the 10-month income verification was not applied, instead of 12-month verification. She said her clients would qualify with a 10-month formula, and the loan officer agreed it was allowed. Her complaint is that formulas are not being applied consistently. Even those with good credit and stable work histories are finding it hard to close on HomePath loans.

HomePath Lending Program
Fannie Maes HomePath program offers a traditional mortgage with 3% down, and no appraisal or premium mortgage insurance (PMI) is required. In addition, Fannie Mae offers another 3% down loan that includes home purchase and light to moderate renovations on primary or second homes or investment properties. A separate loan funds manufactured homes with the same 3% down payment.

HomeSteps Lending Program
The Freddie Mac Loan Program, HomeSteps, is stricter. The HomeSetps website recommends a 5% down payment with the possibility of qualifying for special programs offering down payment assistance. An appraisal is required on HomeSteps property purchases. Only certain homes will qualify for this program. A public review on the HomeSteps loan program is just as discouraging as HomePath. According to one buyer who complained publicly on CityData.com, the lender was Wells Fargo and the buyers made an initial offer on a Homesteps property, then made a lower offer once it was determined the house had illegal problems. She inquires, “Is it normal to wait three weeks for a reply?”

Often buyers become frustrated with these slow moving property deals and move on. More often then not, the sale never closes.

Bank of America Backlog on Foreclosure Contract & Loan Approval
The Bank of America foreclosure department also drags its feet on closing real estate sales. I had a buyer ready to close on a Bank of America owned foreclosure and it took them two months to produce a contract. My buyer had an 800 credit score, but it took so long to approve his application, he became frustrated and pulled money out of another investment to pay cash for the property. I was lucky he had assets and was not totally reliant upon bank financing.

Bank of America Loan to Income Ratio Askew?
Another client I had was prepared to close on a property with Bank of America financing and he had a 780 credit score. The loan officer waited until one week before closing to inform him he did not qualify because his debt to income ratio was too high. When we considered lending alternatives, five other banks approved his loan, and even the USAA approved it. Why was Bank of Americas loan to income ratio different than the rest?

The backlog in application requests, slow customer service, and inconsistencies with loan approvals are all reasons for concern about the mortgage lending industry today. Everyone involved in closing real estate deals becomes frustrated: real estate agents, buyers, sellers, lawyers and contractors. Even the federal government has become suspicious of Bank of Americas (and other mortgage lenders) incomplete foreclosure paperwork and processes.

Though the federal government has been investigating some issues, lender inconsistencies and slow or no customer service are rampant in this real estate market. Buyers need to build extra time into their home sales process and agents need to exercise patience and attention to details for property deals to close.

For more information about purchasing bank owned properties, residential or commercial properties, or listing properties for sale, visit http://www.voncannonrealestate.com.

Bank Jobs In India In Banking Sector Also Involves The Marketing Jobs Due To The Diverse Functions

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One of the most coveted careers in India, that is held in high esteem and is demanded by people, is that of the jobs in banking sector. Not only in the present day, but also in the post independence days, these jobs were considered prestigious and were in demand among the public. Since the time the government started the banks, there has been the requirement of people who could deal with the money of the public, helping in their deposits and withdrawals.

A few decades after independence, banks were looked upon as institutions which could be used for things more than just deposits and withdrawals. This involved the extending of loan services to the deservingly interested customers. To manage the loan paraphernalia, the bank jobs in India were created where competent people with knowledge of loan and its principles were recruited.

Gradually as the arena of loans widened, more and more officers were needed who could carry out the loan section of the banks. As loan facilities began to be provided in different aspects for the customers, more and more competent people were needed besides those employees who could help in the safekeeping and disbursal of the money.

During this era where the loans were provided to the customers, profitability of the bank increased and more numbers of loans were thought of being distributed to the requiring but deserving customers. To make people aware of different such loan facilities, there was a requirement of competent people who could convince the customers and help them avail of the loan. These people should have the knowledge of bank policies and

People who could carry out these functions were suitable for the marketing jobs in India. Not only banks, but the marketing jobs are on offer in almost every field, be it services or products. Every aspect of the economy and social life is directly or indirectly related to the sales and hence the marketing of products. Every sector functional and imaginable has the requirement of such personnel and therefore, in recent years marketing jobs in India are the highest in the country.

As the banks are diversifying into different other financial matters, the need of marketing people in the banks are also increasing. Private banks have already started this concept of selling their services and making them known to the general public. The concept is gradually seeping into the public sector banks. With the use of mutual funds, debit and equity related investments and insurance portfolios, the banks are also in requirement of marketing executives who can help spread the network of the banks.

All these effects, which are resulting in job proliferation, are due to the growth of the economy and are putting an indirect positive effect on the jobs that are being created. The whole of the country is looking at a plethora of jobs in almost every sector, but the jobs in banking sector have been especially spurred, so that hundreds of thousands of students and aspirants are able to find a job that is professionally and economically satisfying.

InfiniteCourses is a foremost name in the arena of web sites offering umbrella solution to all education related queries and dilemmas. Explore Bank Jobs in India, Jobs in Banking Sector, Marketing Jobs in India and much more.

Main Activities Of Investment Banking

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Investment banking and corporate finance) is the traditional investment banks, which also involves helping clients to raise funds in capital markets and advising on mergers and acquisitions (mergers and acquisitions). This can be imposed on investors, the issuance of Security, in coordination with the bidders, or negotiating with the goal of integration. Last term of the Division on Investment banking and corporate finance, advisory group is often called the mergers and acquisitions. Create a book where the information is in the bank’s financial market to the meter and the potential customer, if the pitch is successful, the Bank arrange the deal for customers. Divided into general and the investment banking division (IBD) in the coverage of industry groups and product coverage. Industry coverage groups focus on a particular sector, such as health, industrial, technology, and maintaining relationships with the companies in this industry to achieve in the business for a bank. Groups of product coverage to focus on financial products, such as mergers and acquisitions, corporate finance, project finance and asset finance leasing, structured finance, and restructuring of equity and debts are high quality and work in cooperation with industry groups on the more complex needs, and specialized client.

Sales and Trade: On behalf of the Bank and its clients, the function of a large investment bank in the first place to sell products. Market makers and traders buy and sell financial products to the growing amount of money on each trade. Sales is a sales force in the investment bank, which is important to appeal to institutions and high net worth investors to trade ideas for the proposal (in the warning based on the buyer’s responsibility), and take orders. Contact sales offices and customer orders for the offices the right brand name, which can price and execute trades, or structure new products that fit a specific need. Restructuring activity is relatively recent derivatives also comes in play, with the staff a high degree of technical writing and arithmetic to create complex structured products which typically offer much greater margins of securities and cash infrastructure.
In 2010, and investment banks came under pressure due to the sale of complex derivatives to municipalities in Europe and the United States of America [2] strategic advice. Follows the external and internal clients on the strategies in different markets. Starting from derivatives to specific industries, companies and industries strategic place in a quantitative framework with full consideration of the macroeconomic scene. This strategy is often the way the company will operate in the market, and the direction it will take in terms of their flow, and sales staff to offer suggestions to customers as well as how structurers create new products. Banks also have to take risks through their own trade, conducted by a private group of traders who interact with customers and through the “main risk” risks undertaken by the dealer after you buy or sell the product to the customer and not hedge his total exposure. Banks seek to maximize the profitability of a certain amount of risk on the balance sheet of their own. The need for numerical ability in sales and trading has created jobs for physics, mathematics and engineering doctoral degrees and quantitative analysts.

* Search is the division which reviews companies and writes reports on their prospects, often with “buy” or “sell” ratings. While the research department may or may not generate income (on the basis of policies in different banks), and the resources that are used to assist in marketing and sales force in suggesting ideas to clients and investment banks by giving their customers. Research also works with external customers investment advice (such as institutional investors and high net worth individuals) in the hope that they are represented by these customers and sales marketing ideas of the Commercial Bank Run, and therefore revenue for the company. There is a potential conflict of interest between investment banking and analysis, and analysis was published that could affect the bank’s profits. Even in recent years has become the relationship between investment banking and research is very organized, a Chinese wall between public and private employment.

A new way in banking-online banking

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The nedbank internet banking is one of the best internet- banking-facility you can access to from anywhere in the world and that too with full proof security. This banking system has been upgraded so as to make your online banking- experience an easy and the most comfortable one.

The internet banking is the most hassle free form of banking as it fulfills all your banking matters at any time, whether its day or night. All you have to do is log on to the nedbank internet banking website by entering the customer id number provided to you by the bank and password, and within seconds you are ready to carry out all your banking matters like checking on the online bank statements, savings, loan accounts, credit card statements, etc. This method of banking has changed the economics of how we do business and is most preferred because of quick transactions of money exchange and other beneficial facilities. You can also print transaction information up to 3 last payments that you have paid to a beneficiary. You can add almost 99 beneficiaries to your account.

The nedbank internet banking has also an environment- friendly benefit, where you do not have to receive every month your financial statements, as you can access it online, thereby you contributing in saving a lot of paper. You no longer have to go through the pages of your earlier statement to source some information as the internet banking allows you to access you statements date wise as well. This system helps you keep well organized. It is now possible to make as many payments and transfers easily. Also you are allowed to set up future payments of up to 40 days much before in advance. You can also make necessary changes in these transactions if required.

You do not have to worry over the payment of your taxes as the nedbank internet banking has already set the system of e-filing process in collaboration with SARS website. Also this newly improved banking system lets you access those transactions as well as those which are past 90 days and you can even have it printed. It is advisable to keep on changing your pin and password to be on a safer side.

Though there are many benefits in the internet banking, you cannot ignore the risks associated with this type of banking system as every day you will find that some or the other personal information is being hacked into from the banks website. You will be surprised to know that the hackers can quite easily get access to your social-security-number and make illegal transactions from your account. It is important that you are fully aware of the security system of the nedbank internet banking, such as the questions related on security, the encryption protection details, use of firewalls, etc. You should also take care that when you log in to make some transaction or check other things, make sure that you log it off completely as a precautionary measure.